Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Automation in Renewable Energy Systems

Abstract

The transition to clean energy requires intelligent solutions to mitigate resource intermittency, grid instability, and operational inefficiencies. This paper presents and validates an integrated framework that leverages Artificial Intelligence (AI), robotics, and automation to optimize the performance and sustainability of renewable energy assets. The study employs machine learning models (LSTM, SVM, ANN) for energy forecasting, autonomous robotic platforms for real-time inspection, and advanced algorithms (MPC, Reinforcement Learning) for grid control. The framework's transparency and ethical compliance were validated using explainability techniques (SHAP, LIME) and cybersecurity protocols. Experimental results demonstrate significant performance gains across all domains. The AI models achieved high forecasting accuracy, with the LSTM model for wind power reaching a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of just 2.41%. Robotic inspections improved system uptime by nearly 30% and accelerated fault detection. In grid management simulations, a Reinforcement Learning-based control strategy proved most effective, reducing energy losses by 10.6% and control costs by 17.5%. This cross-disciplinary research illustrates the powerful synergy between intelligent software and advanced hardware in creating more reliable, efficient, and ethically grounded energy systems. The findings establish a scalable and validated foundation for next-generation renewable energy operations and highlight future pathways for enhancing human-machine collaboration in the pursuit of global sustainability targets.