Factory-Grade Diagnostic Automation for GeForce and Data Centre GPUs

Abstract

The growing deployment of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) across data centers, AI workloads, and cryptocurrency mining operations has elevated the importance of scalable, accurate, and real-time diagnostic mechanisms for hardware quality assurance (QA). Traditional factory QA processes are manual, time-consuming, and lack adaptability to subtle performance degradation. This study proposes an automated diagnostic pipeline that leverages publicly available GPU telemetry-like data, including hashrate, power draw, and efficiency metrics, to simulate factory-grade fault detection. Using the Kaggle “GPU Performance and Hashrate” dataset, we implement a machine learning-based framework combining XGBoost for anomaly classification and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks for temporal efficiency forecasting. Anomalies are heuristically labeled by identifying GPUs in the bottom 10% of the efficiency distribution, simulating fault flags. The XGBoost model achieves perfect accuracy on the test set with full interpretability via SHAP values, while the LSTM model captures degradation trends with low training loss and forecast visualizations. The framework is implemented in Google Colab to ensure accessibility and reproducibility. Diagnostic outputs include efficiency analysis, prediction overlays, and automated GPU health reports. Comparative results show higher efficiency variance in GeForce GPUs versus the more stable performance of data center models, highlighting hardware class differences. While limitations exist, such as reliance on simulated labels and static time windows, the study demonstrates the feasibility of ML-driven, scalable diagnostics using real-world data. This approach has direct applications in early fault detection, GPU fleet management, and embedded QA systems in both production and deployment environments.