HDPE Recycled Plastic Composite with Cellulose Fiber Filler Based on Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches

Wawan Atmaja, Zulnazri Zulnazri, Agam Muarif, Willy W

Abstract


Composite is an advanced material product that has better mechanical properties than a single material and has high tensile strength; it can be applied to the construction of boat walls, car dashboards, electronic casings, and others. This study examines the composite quality of HDPE recycled plastic using cellulose fiber-based on Empty Palm Oil Bunches (TKKS), which is processed through an extruder and injection melt blending system. The method used is mixing plastic and fiber materials with a roll mill and blending with an extruder. Cellulose fiber was dissolved with compatibilizer maleic anhydrous (MAH) 2.5% as much as 20 mL, stirred until smooth, and HDPE plastic was dissolved with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) 0.5% 10 mL. The composite was molded with hot pores at 160-170 á´¼C. The tensile test shows the strength of HDPE composite (90: 10) is 27.0 Mpa with maximum load reaching 274 N, HDPE composite (80: 20) is 26.0 MPa with full load 258 N, HDPE composite (70: 30) is 320.0 MPa with a maximum load of 316 N. SEM shows the surface structure of the fiber-compatible HDPE composite. Functional group analysis showed that HDPE composites had O-H and C-O-C functional groups derived from lignocellulosic OPEFB material. The appearance of these two peaks indicates a compatible interaction between the HDPE matrix and cellulose. DSC shows that HDPE composites have a degradation temperature of up to 260 á´¼C and a decomposition temperature of 493.45 á´¼C. This temperature indicates that the HDPE-cellulose composite can withstand heat until it decomposes at a temperature of 493 45 oC.

Keywords


Plastic, Filler, EFB, composite, HDPE.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v1i4.252

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