Acehnese Traditional Clothing Recognition Prototype System Design Based on Augmented Reality

Acehnese traditional clothing is one of the cultural heritages in Indonesia. In today's modern era, the problem faced is the lack of media to introduce cultural heritage in Aceh. Therefore, a media was formed that could introduce Aceh's traditional clothing, namely Southeast Aceh. The press utilizes Augmented Reality (AR) technology so that users can add virtual objects to the natural environment that are easy to use. In this study, a system design using Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams has been carried out, including use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and sequence diagrams. This system is built using the C++ language using the Unity application and the vuforiaSDK platform. Then the test results were obtained on the Southeast Aceh traditional clothing recognition application. Namely, the minimum distance that can display 3d objects is a distance of 5 cm, and the maximum distance that can be detected is 80 cm. Based on the test results in the distance test table, the best distance obtained, which results in the detection of markers that are still clear and bright, is at a distance between 5 cm to 70 cm. Meanwhile, at a distance of more than 80 cm, the marker cannot detect markers to display 3D objects because the distance between the camera and the marker is too far. Likewise, with the angular slope, the minimum angle of inclination detected is an angle of 0°, while the maximum angle of inclination detected is an angle of 75°. Based on the test results on the angle slope table, the best angle is obtained, which results in detecting markers that are still clear and bright at a distance between 0-60°. After that, testing is also carried out based on the lighting, where if the light is too bright or too dark, the camera cannot detect the marker.


Introduction
There are many traditional clothes owned by Indonesia, but the reference information is still lacking. Likewise, with references to traditional Acehnese clothing. [1] Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has several traditional clothes that have different motifs/patterns from each district owned, such as Aceh Tenggara, Aceh Tamiang, and central Aceh. [2] [3] Such conditions lead to a lack of knowledge about the many traditional Acehnese traditional clothes. So we need media that can introduce these traditional clothes interestingly and interactively. The development of information and communication technology is growing rapidly in all fields, one of which is Augmented Reality technology which has been widely available and used in the game industry, entertainment, education, and even in the medical field. However, in cultural recognition media, the use of Augmented Reality technology is still very little. The existence of markerless Augmented Reality technology can overcome the shortcomings of marker-based Augmented Reality technology [4] [5] [6]. Based on these problems, the application of Augmented Reality still lacks cultural recognition. Therefore, an application will be built that utilizes Augmented Reality technology to introduce Acehnese traditional clothing, which displays 3D objects of Aceh traditional clothing, namely Southeast Aceh. It is hoped that the application of the introduction of Acehnese traditional clothing based on Augmented Reality can create a media for the introduction of Acehnese traditional clothing that is more interactive and interesting.

Literature Review
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) is a province in Indonesia located at the western tip of the island of Sumatra. This province earned the nickname Veranda of Mecca because of its cultural customs, which were strongly influenced by Islamic culture from the Arabian peninsula. One of the cultures in the customs of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam which breathes Islamic culture, for example, can be found in the style of dress. Aceh's traditional clothing for both men and women is an acculturation of Malay culture and Islamic culture so it is very unique and a pity to miss. Acehnese traditional clothes for men are called Linto Baro, while those for women are called Dara Baro. Both of these clothes have characteristics in each part [7] [8]. Augmented reality is a technology that combines two-dimensional or three-dimensional virtual objects into a real three-dimensional environment and then projects these virtual objects in real time [9]. Augmented reality displays information in the form of labels or virtual objects that can only be seen with a cellphone camera or with a computer. The system in augmented reality works by analyzing real-time objects captured in the camera. Augmented Reality allows users to see three-dimensional virtual objects projected onto the real world [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]. Unity is not designed for the design or modeling process, because Unity is not a tool for designing. If you want to design, use another 3D editor like 3dsmax or Blender. The scripting features provided support for 3 programming languages, JavaScript, C++, and Boo. Flexible and Easy Moving, rotating, and scaling objects only need a line of code. In the making of Augmented Reality using unity 3D, we add Vuforia as a plug-in from Augmented Reality itself and unity 3D as its SDK [15] [16] [17] [18]. Qualcomm's Vuforia SDK is a library that is used to support Augmented Reality on Android. Vuforia analyzes images using marker detectors and generates 3D information from markers that have been detected via the API. In order to obtain a key point on the marker image, the marker will be converted to a grayscale image [19] [7]. Grayscale is a pixel color that is in the range of black and white gradations. This image format is called a degree of gray because there is a gray color between the minimum color (black) and the maximum color (white) [9] [4] [20].

Method
The research flow chart can be seen in Figure 1.   Figure 2, the Augmented Reality program flowchart, can be explained the program processing steps starting from directingmarkers to displaying 3D objects from the detected markers.

Result and Discussion
The following is an overview of the design of the application system for the introduction of Aceh traditional clothing. The model developed uses object-oriented development with UML (Unified Modeling Language) tools.

Fig. 3: Usecase Diagram
In the Usecase diagram of the android-based Aceh traditional clothing introduction application, there is one actor, namely the user who can access the main menu.  The Splash Screen page is the main display that appears when the application is run. On this page, there is an AR Camera button, where the button is directing the user to the introduction page of Aceh traditional clothing. The AR camera menu page is a page that displays any 3D objects in the application. Figure 9 shows one of the 3d objects of southeast Aceh traditional clothing. The Home button on this AR camera page directs the user to return to the main page. Testing markers on AR cameras must use predetermined markers, if the user uses other markers, then the AR camera cannot display objects. Marker testing on \AR cameras was tested based on distance, angle, and lighting. In the distance test, the minimum distance and maximum distance are calculated, in the angle test the marker angle is calculated, and in the light test the amount of light is calculated at the test place, it cannot be too dark or too bright. The camera used for the distance, angle, and lighting testing process is the Oppo A5s 3 GB RAM smartphone camera with a camera resolution of 1080 x 2280 pixels, a Screen Size of 5 inches, and 16 MP + 5 MP camera effective pixels dual. The marker detected by the camera is Times New Roman writing on paper that has been printed with the same light-level resolution in one room. Distance testing is done using a measuring tape (meter), angle testing is done using an arc, and lighting testing is done using a Lux meter.

Conclusion
Based on the test results, it can be concluded that the system design has been carried out using Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams include use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and sequence diagrams. This system is built using the C++ language using the Unity application and the vuforiSDK platform. Then the test results have been obtained on the Southeast Aceh traditional clothing recognition application, namely, the minimum distance that can display 3d objects is a distance of 5 cm and the maximum distance that can be detected is 80 cm. And the minimum angle of inclination detected is an angle of 0°, while the maximum angle of inclination detected is an angle of 75°.